Avustralya asilli Ingiliz psikanalist Melanie Reizes Klein’in dogum yildonumu (30 Mart 1882)
“Haset, kiskanclik ve acgozluluk arasindaki farklari gormek gerekir. Haset, arzulanan bir seyin baska birine ait oldugu ve bize degil de ona haz verdigi inancinin yol actigi kizgin bir duygudur; hasetli itki, o istenen seyi sahibinden cekip almaya ya da bozmaya, kirletmeye yonelir. Su da var: haset, oznenin sadece bir kisiyle olan iliskisiyle ilgilidir ve kokeni de anneyle o herkesi dislayan en eski iliskide yatiyordur.
Kiskanclik da hasete dayanir, ama oznenin en az iki kisiyle iliski icinde olmasini gerektirir: ozne, kendi hakki olan sevginin rakibi tarafindan elinden alindigina ya da alinma tehlikesiyle karsi karsiya bulunduguna inaniyordur. Kiskancligin gunluk kullaniminda, sevilen kisiyle ozne arasina bir ucuncu kisi girmistir.
Acgozlulukse ozneyi surekli uyaran ama doyurulmasi imkansiz bir istektir, hem oznenin ihtiyacindan hem de nesnenin verebileceginden fazlasina yonelen bir istek. Acgozluluk, bilincdisi duzlemde, memeyi bosaltmaya, kurutuncaya kadar emip tuketmeye ve tumuyle yutmaya yonelir esas olarak; baska bir deyisle, amaci yikici ice yansitmadir. Oysa haset sadece boyle bir gaspla sinirli kalmaz; ayni zamanda, anneye ve oncelikle memesine kotuluk koymak, kotu diskilari ve benligin kotu parcalarini anneye ve memesine yerlestirmek ister. Bunun anlami, annenin yaraticiliginin bozulmasi, tahrip edilmesidir. Uretral-sadistik ve anal-sadistik itkilerden kaynaklanan bu sureci, baska bir yerde, yasamin basindan beri surup giden yansitmali ozdeslesmenin yikici bir yonu olarak tanimlamistim. Acgozlulukle haset arasinda temel bir farklilik -cok kesin bir sinir cizgisi cekilemeyecegini bilsek de- acgozlulugun esas olarak ice yansitmayla, hasetinse yansitmayla baglantili olmasidir.” Haset ve Sukran
“A distinction should be drawn between envy, jealousy, and greed. Envy is the angry feeling that another person possesses and enjoys something desirable—the envious impulse being to take it away or to spoil it. Moreover, envy implies the subject's relation to one person only and goes back to the earliest exclusive relation with the mother.
Jealousy is based on envy, but involves a relation to at least two people; it s mainly concerned with love that the subject feels is his due and has been taken away, or is in danger of being taken away from him by his rival. In the everyday conception of jealousy, a man or woman feels deprived of the loved person by somebody else.
Greed is an impetuous and insatiable craving, exceeding what the subject needs and what the object is able and willing to give. At the unconscious level, greed aims primarily at completely scooping out, sucking dry, and devouring the breast: that is to say, its aim is destructive introjection; whereas envy not only seeks to rob in this way, but also to put badness, primarily bad excrements and bad parts of the self, into the mother, and first of all into her breast, in order to spoil and destroy her. In the deepest sense this means destroying her creativeness. This process, which derives from urethral- and anal-sadistic impulses, I have elsewhere defined as a destructive aspect of projective identification starting from the beginning of life. One essential difference between greed and envy, although no rigid dividing line can be drawn since they are so closely associated, would accordingly be that greed is mainly bound up with introjection and envy with projection.”


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