Ingiliz filozof Philippa Ruth Foot’un hem dogum (3 Ekim 1920) hem de olum yildonumu(3 Ekim 2010)
“Bir tramvay rayinin yaninda durdugunuzu hayal edin. Uzakta, kontrolden cikmis bir tramvayin, onun gelisini duymayan bes isciye dogru hizla geldigini goruyorsunuz. Isciler tramvayi gorse bile, raydan zamaninda ayrilamayacaklar.
Felaket belli belirsiz gorundukce, yere bakiyorsunuz ve raylara bagli bir kaldirac oldugunu goruyorsunuz. Eger kaldiraci cekerseniz, tramvayin bes masum iscinin bulundugu raylardan ikinci bir ray takimina yonlenecegini farkediyorsunuz. Ancak, yan taraftaki bu rayin asagisinda, is arkadaslari kadar habersiz, yalniz bir isci bulunuyor. O halde kaldiraci kaldirip, bir insanin olumune yol acar fakat bes kisiyi kurtarir miydiniz?”
(Bu dugum noktasi, tramvay ikilemi olarak bilinen bir klasik dusunce deneyidir ve 1967 yilinda dusunur Philippa Foot tarafindan gelistirilip, 1985’te Jarvis Thomson tarafindan uyarlanmistir.)
(Tramvay ikilemi, bir eylemin sonuclarini bastan sona dusunmemizi ve eylemin ahlaki degerinin, yalnizca sonucari tarafindan belirlenip belirlenmedigini dikkate almamizi saglar.)
“Imagine you are standing beside some tram tracks. In the distance, you spot a runaway trolley hurtling down the tracks towards five workers who cannot hear it coming. Even if they do spot it, they won’t be able to move out of the way in time.
As this disaster looms, you glance down and see a lever connected to the tracks. You realise that if you pull the lever, the tram will be diverted down a second set of tracks away from the five unsuspecting workers.However, down this side track is one lone worker, just as oblivious as his colleagues.So, would you pull the lever, leading to one death but saving five?”
(This is the crux of the classic thought experiment known as the trolley dilemma, developed by philosopher Philippa Foot in 1967 and adapted by Judith Jarvis Thomson in 1985)
(The trolley dilemma allows us to think through the consequences of an action and consider whether its moral value is determined solely by its outcome.)
Alıntı yaparak yanıtla
Yer İmleri